Why MotoGP title contenders Bagnaia and Martin are crashing so much

MotoGP

MotoGP’s dominant, record-smashing combination of Ducati’s GP24 and Michelin’s super-grippy 2024 rear slick has a weak point – the rear tyre has so much grip it pushes the front tyre. But what does it actually mean when riders say, “The rear is pushing the front”?

Martin German GP

Martin crashes out of the lead of last month’s German GP – he did the same in April’s Spanish GP

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During the first half of the MotoGP 2024 season, the championship’s fastest two riders smashed records everywhere and crashed out of almost twice as many races as during the first half of last year.

In other words, Ducati’s quickest riders have found a new tightrope to walk.

“The rear is pushing the front a lot… the risk of a crash is always there,” said reigning MotoGP champ Pecco Bagnaia after tumbling out of the recent Silverstone sprint, a few weeks after Jorge Martin had crashed out of the preceding race, the German GP.

Bagnaia also lost the front and crashed out of the Barcelona sprint, while current points leader Jorge Martin ended the Jerez GP and Mugello sprint in the gravel.

Engineers make the bike faster, riders go faster and find new problems. Engineers tune them out… It’s a never-ending upward spiral.

Usually riders blame front-end falls on the front tyre, but not this time. Why?

The spike in crashes from Bagnaia and Martin is due to a massive increase in performance created by the combination of Ducati’s Desmosedici GP24 and Michelin’s super-grippy 2024 rear slick.

The bike and tyre work so well together that they’re destroying race records, with riders sometimes lapping more than a second faster than last season. I can’t remember the last time there was such an overnight jump in performance.

This explains why Aprilia and KTM are currently in such trouble. Last year the RS-GP and RC16 could sometimes run with the latest Ducatis, but this year they can’t, because so far they’ve been unable to fully exploit the new rear tyre’s potential.

However, a motorcycle and tyre that generate so much grip can create problems, because when riders go faster they venture into new territory where they can get ambushed by gremlins that weren’t previously an issue.

As one engineer told me, “You don’t go a second a lap faster than the year before and expect everything to be fine”.

Bagnaia Barcelona MotoGP

Bagnaia can hardly believe it – he’s just crashed out of the lead on the last lap of May’s Barcelona sprint

DPPI

This is how racing works: engineers make the bike faster, riders ride faster and reach new limits, where they find new problems, which the engineers tune out, so the riders ride faster again and… It’s a never-ending upward spiral.

Earlier this year, Ducati riders had to deal with chatter, caused by the increase in grip. Engineers fixed that issue and now Bagnaia and Martin have run into a new difficulty.

“First of all, the new rear tyre is fantastic,” said Bagnaia after the Silverstone sprint. “If you look at this race the winner [his team-mate Enea Bastianini] finished eight seconds in front of the guy in fourth, so the speed that some guys have is incredible.

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“I’ve never seen something like this – it’s super-impressive. But the tyre is making us crash more, because the rear is pushing the front a lot. I love it, but the risk of a crash is always there.”

Riders often talk about the rear pushing the front when they dive into corners. But what does that actually mean, because it doesn’t sound right, does it?

When riders brake as they attack corners, the bike pitches forward, loading the front tyre. This makes the tyre carcass and rubber squish, which expands the contact patch and pushes the rubber into the asphalt. All this creates the extra front grip required.

However, when the rear tyre grips much more than the front the natural order of things is thrown into disarray. When the rider brakes the rear tyre carries too much load, so there’s not enough load thrown onto the front tyre, so the tyre doesn’t squish, so the contact patch doesn’t expand.

This means there’s not so much front grip, so there’s a greater chance of locking the front or losing the front.

That’s the rear pushing the front.

MotoGP podium

GP24 riders Bastianini, Bagnaia and Martin have monopolised the podium in the last three GP races, when tyre push is less of an issue

Can riders do anything about this, by modifying their riding technique? Not really, all they can do is enter corners slower, which won’t win them any races.

Look at Bastianini. He hasn’t crashed out of any races due to the rear pushing the front but he wasn’t faster than Bagnaia and Martin until his double victory at Silverstone, which is a faster, flowing track, where pushing the front is less of a worry.

Martin’s crew spent much of the break between the German GP, where he crashed out of the lead, and the British GP analysing data, trying to understand and fix the problem.

“There was a part on my bike for the last two seasons which was different to the rest of the Ducati riders,” said Martin on Friday at Silverstone. “We think it may be the cause of the crashes.”

So what was this part? Martin wouldn’t say. All he did say was that he had switched to the part used by Bagnaia, Bastianini and other Ducati riders, and that it made a difference in braking zones.

At Silverstone, Martin qualified off the front row for only the third time this season and in the sprint – usually his forte – he got beaten by Bastianini. Partly because he was still getting used to this new-to-him front-end part.

“The front change is a bit on limit – in the sprint I struggled to feel the front,” he added.

The GP24’s rear-push issue is worse in qualifying and sprints, for the obvious reason that the grippier rear tyres used in those outings push the front even more than the harder compounds used in full-length races.

Martin, Bastianini and Bagnaia at the 2024 Italian MotoGP

Martin, Bastianini and Bagnaia lead the Italian GP

Dorna

Let Aprilia’s Aleix Espargaró (who qualified on pole at Silverstone, finished a fighting third in the sprint, then went backward to sixth in the main race) explain…

“When the Ducati guys use softer rear tyres they have a limit, because the rear pushes the front,” he said. “That’s why in qualifying we are close but when they have harder rear tyres [in the main race] they have no front locking into corners, so it’s difficult to fight against them.”

The evolution of the Michelin front has been quite incredible

This is one reason why Bagnaia has won six GPs and only two sprints.

So what was Martin’s new part? It wasn’t a new part at all, because riders lie all the time to keep their secrets. This is all part of the game.

It was a geometry change. I found this out while skulking around the Ducati garages at Silverstone.

“We are trying to find a compromise to fix the problem of the rear pushing the front,” one Ducati engineer told me. “We’ve made a geometry change to Jorge’s bike, trying to put more weight on the front in some areas of the braking and cornering phases.

“This year it’s more critical with the new rear tyre to find the correct balance. It’s a combination of how you make the front/rear weight balance, how you transfer load between the front and rear tyres, your spring rates and engine-brake set-up, so it’s many things together.”

Why aren’t riders blaming the front tyre, like they’ve done for so many years? Because Michelin’s front slick is also improved for 2024.

Martin, Bagnaia and Bastianini at Assen

Martin, Bagnaia and Bastianini on the podium at Assen

Dorna

Bridgestone’s front slick has been bike racing’s benchmark front tyre for the past two decades, but Johann Zarco, who used Bridgestone tyres for the first time to win last month’s Suzuka 8 Hours, believes the latest Michelin is at least as good.

“The Bridgestone front has good grip, you can lean a lot,” said the LCR Honda rider at Silverstone. “But the evolution of the Michelin front has been quite incredible – you can really push with it. With the Bridgestone you can be fast into corners but if you push too much on the brake or on the gas you find the limit. With the Michelin front you can put more intensity into the tyre.”

From the archive

Despite the rear-pushing-the-front issue, the marriage of Ducati’s GP24 and Michelin’s 2024 rear slick gets stronger and stronger, as Gigi Dall’Igna and his engineers chip away at the problem, leaving their rivals, including Ducati GP23 riders, further behind.

GP24s have dominated most podiums this year and have monopolised the GP podium three times at the last four races.

Marc Márquez came within a few tenths of beating Bagnaia to the win at Jerez and Le Mans but hasn’t been in the victory fight since. Why?

“We have the opposite problem to the GP24 – we are missing rear grip in corner entry,” he explained.

This fits with what VR46 GP23 rider Marco Bezzecchi says – Bezzecchi no longer has the rear grip he enjoyed last year which helped him stop and turn the bike so well.

The difference between the GP24 and GP23 is so now big that Alex Márquez hopes Ducati won’t make another big jump forward going into next season, when he will have a GP24, while the older brother Marc, Bagnaia and Fabio Di Giannantonio will have GP25s.

Ducati

Alex and Marc Márquez – Alex hopes Dall’Igna will take a long holiday!

Gresini

“This is the first year we’ve seen a step like this from the old bike to the new one,” said Alex Márquez at Silverstone. “So we hope that Dall’Igna will take some holidays until the end of season, so Ducati don’t improve a lot with next year’s bike, so that next year we can be more equal like last year, when [Marco] Bezzecchi was able to win many races on a GP22.”

And yet, everything could change at Red Bull Ring this weekend.

The Austrian circuit is one of three MotoGP venues where Michelin uses a different construction rear slick, an older design created specifically to deal with massive temperature build-up in the centre of the tyre. This tyre is also used at Buriram, Thailand, and Mandalika, Indonesia.

Bikes need different set-ups to get the best out of this tyre, so it will be interesting to see if the GP24’s rivals can close the gap or not.

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