Mastering MotoGP in Austria: ‘It’s terrifying but you get used to it’

MotoGP

Pecco Bagnaia was on another planet at the Red Bull Ring for MotoGP's 2024 Austria race, where riders must deal with more wheelspin and front tyre locking than anywhere else

Bagnaia podium lockout

Bagnaia’s perfect precision – on the brakes and throttle – plus the heat blast from his bike, did for Jorge Martin. Enea Bastianini completed another Ducati GP24 podium lockout

Dorna

Mat Oxley

It’s a weird one: after a race like yesterday’s Austrian Grand Prix the spotlight should be firmly aimed at Pecco Bagnaia and Ducati for their faultless performances in what may have looked like straightforward conditions but in fact were anything but.

Instead we’re left wondering what might have been if one front row-starter hadn’t been ruled out of the victory fight by a problem with his holeshot device and several other battles hadn’t been diminished by issues with downforce aerodynamics and front-tyre temperature.

Like former MotoGP winner Cal Crutchlow told me in a recent blog, “The only thing that’s letting the championship down is the bikes”.

Of course, MotoGP understands these problems and is addressing them, by banning holeshot devices and ride-height devices and by reducing downforce aero and horsepower – two and a half seasons from now.

The problem is that no one is in charge, because the five manufacturers are in charge. They control the rules and the rules cannot be changed before 2027 without unanimous agreement among the MSMA, which will never happen. It’s like allowing professional footballers to rewrite the offside rule.

The daft thing about the unanimity clause – which has been there since the early 1990s when MotoGP as we know it was born, with the arrival of Dorna and the establishment of the MSMA – is that unanimity can be anti-democratic: four manufacturers may want the rules to be changed but if one doesn’t agree then that manufacturer wins the day.

This needs to change. The Formula 1 car championship has a great system. If a constructor introduces a new technology that’s within the rules but isn’t good for the racing and/or increases costs, the championship usually allows the constructor to continue using that innovation for the rest of the season, as a kind of pat on the back, then decides its fate at the end of the year. This is how mass dampers and ride-height regulators were banned from F1. Both technologies have been in MotoGP for years.

Podium

Bagnaia’s 25th MotoGP victory returned him to the championship lead, but he’s still a long way away from a title hat-trick

Dorna

Back to the Austrian GP… why weren’t conditions straightforward on Sunday, because Red Bull Ring looks like the simplest MotoGP circuit of all and the sun was shining?

The challenge is this: the track is one MotoGP’s fastest with some of its slowest corners, so it’s all about heavy acceleration and heavy braking. Bikes spend so much time at full gas between the corners that Michelin bring a special heat-resistant tyres. And riders spend so much time hauling on the brakes that Brembo specifies the most powerful brakes of the season.

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Why MotoGP title contenders Bagnaia and Martin are crashing so much
MotoGP

Why MotoGP title contenders Bagnaia and Martin are crashing so much

MotoGP’s dominant, record-smashing combination of Ducati’s GP24 and Michelin’s super-grippy 2024 rear slick has a weak point – the rear tyre has so much grip it pushes the front tyre. But what does it actually mean when riders say, “The rear is pushing the front”?

By Mat Oxley

Wheelspin on the gas (in every gear!) and front-tyre lock (at 190mph!) are the challenges the riders have to deal with.

Surely that’s what traction control is for – to reduce wheelspin? Yes, but whenever the TC kicks in, the throttle butterflies close, reducing the amount of torque delivered to the rear wheel and killing acceleration. Not good for lap times.

So Bagnaia spent the weekend with his Ducati crew reducing, not increasing, traction control, because the human hand can still be better than a little black box.

“The rear was spinning a lot, so I tried to wait with the throttle until I found good traction – the exit of Turns 3 and 10 [onto the back straight and start/finish] were especially difficult to manage,” said Bagnaia after his 25th MotoGP victory. “We worked a lot with the electronics and made a step by removing a lot of traction control to have it more in my hand, so it was easier to manage.”

Bagnaia also used his brain to further control the spin by forcing his Ducati GP24 to maintain some lean angle on the straights, which puts a bigger section of the rear tyre on the road to increase grip.

And he also used his meticulous precision on the brakes, to avoid the front-end crash that took him out of the Silverstone sprint.

“Here it’s a bit easier to manage because you can use more rear brake to have a little rear slide before entering corners,” he added.

Marc Marquez

Marc Marquez had no front holeshot device, so his GP23 is lifting its front wheel and his hopes of a great race are already over

Dorna

The rear-pushing-the-front issue was more of a worry in Saturday’s sprint, which he also dominated, because he used a soft rear slick, which had more grip, exacerbating the push problem and giving his front tyre an extra-tough time

“The problem I had with front tyre [in the sprint] was arriving from the rear because in corners 3, 4 and 10 I always felt the rear pushing the front. This season the rear tyre is impressive, incredible! We are going super-fast everywhere – the fastest lap in the sprint was two tenths slower than the 2023 pole position, so it’s unbelievable.”

Title rival Jorge Martin arrived in Austria three points ahead of Bagnaia and left five points behind, with nine grands prix remaining. He too rode under the lap record but although he stayed close for a while on Sunday, he simply couldn’t maintain Bagnaia’s missile-fast pace.

“Pecco seems a bit better at the moment – as soon as I was in second I lost the possibility for victory,” said Martin who after leading the first lap couldn’t resist his fellow GP24 rider – both were desperate to lead, so their front tyres wouldn’t overheat in the draft.

“We have a lot of front lock here but we are kind of used to it,” Martin explained. “Behind Pecco it was even worse, because everything gets so hot. It’s kind of strange and a worry to brake and feel like crashing all the time, but we control it.”

Such is the optimism of pro racers! On Friday morning rookie Pedro Acosta crashed at 185mph when he braked at the end of the back straight and locked his front tyre, because he had let it cool down too much.

When someone asked him if he thought that his crash was dangerous he replied, “Everything in life is dangerous – maybe the next time you cross the street you will get run over by a bus”. This is how racers rationalise the dangers of their occupation.

Moto GP 3

KTM had its best race for a while – helped by Michelin’s special Red Bull Ring rear slick – Miller leads Binder, Bezzecchi and the factory Aprilias

KTM

Double Silverstone winner Enea Bastianini scared himself with a few front locks in Sunday’s race and decided that a lonely third place was good enough. “It was too difficult to have everything under control,” he said.

Jack Miller was going for his best result since Portugal – battling for fifth place with Marco Bezzecchi and Red Bull KTM team-mate Brad Binder – until he slid off. Chasing two riders at close quarters sent his front tyre temperature sky high.

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“When you’re behind a group the tyre temperature gets a bit more and you get more locking, so you have to do that mathematical equation in your head of what you think will equate to you making the corner and not making the corner.”

Or running into the riders ahead of you, which is far from impossible when your front tyre is locking and you find yourself in the aero vacuum of the bike in front, which further reduces your stopping power.

The man who came through to fourth was Marc Marquez, who scored his first front row since Jerez and destroyed his race by mistakenly engaging his front holeshot device during the warm-up lap.

When his crew changed his front wheel on the grid – it’s normal practice to ride the sighting lap with a used tyre, then switch to a brand-new tyre for the race – they found a damaged tyre valve, so they had to fit another wheel, with a tyre that wasn’t fully up to temperature.

Marquez therefore rode the warm-up lap trying to heat the tyre by grabbing lots of front brake. Finally he used so much brake that the holeshot device engaged. When he grabbed the brake again it disengaged, so he had to start the race without the front device. His bike wheelied away from the grid, which sucked him into the pack, where he collided with Franco Morbidelli, both running wide at the first corner. Marquez was relegated to 14th, his hopes of spicing up the race with a battle for the podium fully dashed.

MotoGP 4

Mir finished out of the points but suffered the same scary front locks as his rivals

Two of the last riders that Marquez overtook were Miller and Bezzecchi, but they were far from easy prey because the heat from their bikes had him locking his front tyre whenever he hit the brakes.

“You experience massive front lock when you follow somebody,” he said. “When I followed Miller and caught Bezzecchi I was stopped there for many laps because it was impossible to overtake, because my front tyre temperature was super high and I had a lot of locks, so I was stuck.”

Most riders deal with front locking by using their right hand as an ABS system (real ABS is banned in MotoGP). When they feel the front tyre lock they release the brake a bit, when the tyre regains traction they grab the lever harder, until the tyre locks again, then they release the brake again, so it goes like this all the way into each corner: brake, lock, release, brake, lock, release…

Some riders also lock their arms against the handlebars, so the front tyre won’t turn left or right when it does lock, which would likely cause a crash.

Factory Honda rider Joan Mir didn’t score any points on Sunday but his RC213V exceeded 190mph on the start/finish, so he experienced as much front lock as anyone.

“It’s terrifying, but you get used to it,” said the 2020 MotoGP champ. “I don’t enjoy locking the front at 200km/h (125mph) but it’s a normal situation for us. You can lock your arms and you can play a bit with the front brake. In the end what’s important is not to have a lot of movement with the handlebars at speed, to keep the bike straight. The difficult thing is the last part, when you start to lean, you can lose the front without warning.”

Modern MotoGP bikes are not easy to ride, which is why modern MotoGP riders keep doing their jobs by normalising the terror.